The influence of corporate market power on health: exploring the structure-conduct-performance model from a public health perspective

Table 2 An illustration of the variation in Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) values within the ultra-processed food industry according to the defined product and geographic boundaries of the market

	Soft drink market	Carbonated soft drink market
Global	586	2661
Western Europe	562	2932
United Kingdom	818	3493

Note: HHI values > 2500 = very high concentration; 1800–2499 = high concentration; 1000–1799 = moderate concentration; < 999 = low concentration. Thresholds based on adapted European Central Bank and historical US Department of Justice Thresholds [76, 77]
Source: Passport. Market share data based on 2019 off-trade sales data. Product market boundaries based on Passport’s categorisation of soft drink products. The soft drink market includes carbonated soft drinks, juice, concentrates, ready-to-drink tea, ready-to-drink coffee, energy drinks, sports drinks, Asian specialty drinks, and bottled water. Carbonated soft drinks include cola carbonates and non-cola carbonates (e.g. lemonade, ginger ale)

ISSN: 1744-8603